Kuwa he tae paraihe te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu mō te tāwhai i te umanga?

He aha te Tinta Kaiwhakangao Me pēhea te mahi ake i ngā whakamahinga ahumoni?

Te Whakarite i te Tinta Kaiwhakangao i ngā Whakaprinta Whānui me ngā Horopaki Ahumoni

Ko te pai o te tinta panuku he waihanga i ngā kiriata ki ngā kapa takitahi takitahi, te VOCs mo te iti ake, e āwhina ai i te waihanga i ngā taarua roa ki ngā takotoranga kāore i te pai te whakakaha pērā i te vinil, ngā mea piripiri, me ngā mata paraihe. Ko te mea e wehe ai i te tinta panuku i te tinta whakapai hauauru ko te ara e pā ana ki te rauemi kaua ko te noho noa i runga i te kiriata. Ko te āhua nei ka nui ake te rongonui o ngā momo tinta nei mō ngā mea pērā i ngā paparorohiko waho, ngā taraiwa taraiwa, me ngā tapanga rahi e kitea ana i ngā whare tapahi e hiahiatia ana kia taea te noho i ngā tikanga hau parurenga. I tētahi rangahau hou mai i te Ripoata Mahi Panuku 2024 i whakaatu hoki i tētahi mea hoki. Ina whakamahia ki ngā wāhi e toru ana te wai ki te hau, he iti ake te tōaitanga o ngā tinta panuku i te hiahiatia kia whakatika i ngā taarua pāpaku e 32 ōrau ina whakaputua ki te whakamahi i ngā kōwhiringa hauauru.

Te Matū o te Tinta Panuku: Me pēhea te here i te Mātāpuna Mātāpuna

Ina whakamahia ngā paraihe, ka tōkina e kē atu ngā tāwhai ki raro ki ngā kōpua iti nei o te mata i mua i te whakaputua e te whakapai, mai i te wera, i te noho noa ki te hau. Ko te mea e toe ana ko ngā pātītī tāwhai e noho ana ki roto i te matāpuna. Ko te putanga? Ko te kaha o te hononga ki te whakapāhunu, e toa ake ana i ngā tikanga hononga mata noa e kitea ana i ēnei rā. E ai ki ngā whakamātau i rite ki te Rōpū Whirinakitanga Matāpuna, i te PVC i whakaputua ki te paraihe i āki ai te 98 ōrau o tana tāwhai tuatahi i muri i te 5,000 whakamātau whakapāhunu. Ko te pikinga e toru kaupeka ake te kaha o te whirinakitanga tērā i ngā kōwhiringa UV curable kei te māketi i ēnei rā.

Paraihe Tāwhai vs. UV-Curable me te Latex: Ngā Rerekētanga Matua i te Whirinakitanga me ngā Whāinga Whakamahi

Ahakoa ka whakapai ake te UV inks me te iti ake o te latex, he pai ake te kiko o te inks. I tētahi rangahau 2023 mō te tapanga tapanga o ngā taputapu nui, i kitea mai i ngā tohu tuwhera he roa ake te wā e 71% te nui ake i ngā kōwhiringa ka taea, ina pā ki ngā wai huna me ngā kohinga hāora.

Te Kiko Kaha o te Inks Solvent i ngā Taiao Hāora Hāngai

Te kiko ki te māmā, te wai, me te kiko ki te māmā i ngā taiao waho me ngā taiao hāora

Ko te hanganga molekī o te inks solvent he kiko nui ki te irirangi UV, ki te wai, ki te whakamāmā hoki. I ngā tāparo waho, i mau tonu te 95% o te tae i muri i te 36 marama o te rā. Ko tana hononga ki te papanga e whakarere i te peeling i raro i te haukoti pumice, i te haukoti moana rānei, kua tuhia ki te Pūrongo Ngā Whakapaparongo Whakapai a Amerika 2025.

Tauira kei te ako: Te whakamahinga o te tapanga waho mō te 3 tau ki te inks solvent

Kua hangaia ngā tohu ki te tinta kaiwhakarewa mō ngā ara tere anake i te kākara i raro i te 10 ōrau i muri i te nohoanga ki ngā pakanga e iti ake i te 30 Farenheit minus me te 115 kāwera i te tata ki te toru tau. Ko ngā tinta UV curable i kōrero i tētahi atu kōrero ahakoa i timata te ririhau i te noho ki te katoa o te wera. Ko te whakaprinti pātea anō i te paraihe me te polietilēni i te wā o te whiu. Ko te mea pai ake? Kāore i hiahiatia e koutou te whakakapi i ētahi rānei i te wā o te tātai.

He aha i te wāhi nui, hanga, me te tapanga taputapu rahi e whai mātāpuna ana ki te tinta kaiwhakarewa

I ngā umanga e pā ana ki te raweke i ngā taputapu, kāore ngā inki tūhono e tino tō ana ina hinga ai te kora, te hohonu o ngā pāpaku, me te hurihia haere i te wai. Ko te tikanga, ko ngā inki huinga toitū ko te kōwhiringa mō te tohu i ngā waka rahi, i ngā kōngutu hui haere rānei. E toa ana ēnei inki ki ngā kikorangi whakamāmā e peia ana i te acetone, i te kora anō hoki, e maroke ana tere tonu, ka oti te maroke i mua i te 15 hēkona ina pā ana te hau wera e 140 Fauranaiti ana, ā, e pakaru ana tonu atu ki ngā mata uaua pērā i ngā wāhanga metara, ngā pāpaku rānei. Ko ngā whakamātau i te ao tūmatanui i whakaatu i te whānau o ngā inki pakaru ake i te 40% te iti ake i ngā kōwhiringa tāpete tūturu. He tika tēnei ina whai mōhio koe ki te nuinga o te moni e tiaki ana i te kore e whakakapi i ngā tapanga kua whakaputua.

Whānui Huinga Whakakaha me te Pakaru Pakaru

Tāwhiri i runga i ngā Paraka, ngā Metara, ngā Vinī, me ētahi atu Huinga Umanga Uaua

Ko te tōtika o te tinta e kaha ana ki ngā mea pērā i ngā pāpaku kāore he pōro, ngā metara kapa, me ngā papanga rerehua e uaua ana ki te nuinga o ngā tikanga whakaprinta e kaha ana. E ai ki te rangahau i whāia i te tau ki muri e te Rōpū Mātai Mātāpunenga, ko ēnei tikanga tōtika i noho tonu te 98% o ā rātou whakapā ki ngā taputapu pērā i te polypropylene, te PVC, me te parika kātahi ka tūhono ki ngā tikanga whakapākehātanga i ngā tāone taraiwa. He aha te mea e āwhina i tēnei āhua? Ko ngā kaiwhakaputa tōtika e pakaru ana i te parurenga ki ngā mata me te whakaputanga i ngā kōpae iti nei i te kōpae poto, e noho ana hei ngā kaihanga iti mō te tinta kia tāwhai. Na tēnei āhua, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakaprinta te whakaputanga i ngā whakaahua tūturu ki ngā wāhanga metara kōpae, ngā tohu rerehua nui, me ngā tātanki HDPE taraiwa kaua ko ngā tikanga tūhono tuatahi. Mō ngā kaiwhakahaere whare tapere e hiahia ana ki te whakamāmā i ngā mahi, ko tēnei te tikanga e āwhina i te wā e huri ai me te kaha ake i te wāhi e kōwhiri ai i ngā taputapu hei whakaprinta.

Me pēhea te whakapenetu a Solvent Ink i ngā raru ki te hāpai roa, te hononga e āki ai te matā

Kei te whakamahi ngā inka panuku i te ara e ētahi hui e whakaponga ana ko te rautaki e rua te rerekētanga. Tuatahi, kei te whakamā ngā panuku i te mata kua tuhia ki runga, e whakaae ana i ngā pātītī tae ki te hinga atu i te 5 ki te 10 miriona pōroki te rōrahi. He tino pai ake tēnei whakauru tōraroa i ngā inka rānei hui e kīia ana e 1 ki te 2 miriona pōroki anake ki ngā taputapu. Ina timata ngā panuku ki te maru, ko ngā rēsiniti motuhake ka tū ake ka hui tātai ki ngā molekīni o te taputapu taketake, e whakakaha ana i te katoa ki te tūhononga kaha. E ai ki ngā whaiwhai a te tau ki muri i te Aromaheni Whakauru, he tino whakapai ake tēnei whakauru pōroki i te tāone e toru ngā wā i te kaha o te kaha ki te peeling i te mata anake. He aha tēnei katoa? Ko ngā tuhinga kua hangaia ki te inka panuku e roa ana te wā e tū ana ki ngā tikanga pāpaku pērā i ngā kai māmā kaha, ngā hinu hui, ā, me te rā anō hoki e patu ana i te wā kotahi. Me noho kia tūhono ngā whakatūpato haumaru, ngā tohu rahi hoki i whakamahia ki te neke tōtika i ngā kai hāngai i te rite ki te rima tau, i te wā e tino nui ake ai te kaha o te whakauru.

Kaha ki te Whai Tikanga mō ngā Whakahaerenga Whakapakanga Ahumoni

He iti ake te utu ia mita tapawhā i te roanga o te whakaputa me ngā tinta torehuruhuru

Ko ngā whakahaerenga e whakaputangia ai te nuinga i te 10k mita tapawhā ia marama e mōhiotia ana e FESPA i te tau ki muri ka taea te penapena i te 40% mō ngā taputapu ina hurihia mai i ngā tinta UV curable ki ngā kōwhiringa torehuruhuru. Kei te noho tonu te rerehua o ngā huinga hou ake hoki āwhau i te roanga o te whakaputa, arā, he iti ake te taputapu kua whakaputahia, ā, kāore he hiahia ki te mahi tūhono utu nui ki te papanga whakapakanga. Ki te tiro ki ngā tau, kei te hiahiatia e ngā punaha torehuruhuru o nāianei te 18% iti ake te taumahi tinta ia mita tapawhā i ngā wā kua hipa. Ā, kaua ko te iti ake te taputapu, ko ēnei rautaki hou hoki e hanga whakapapa tātaritanga ai i ngā tapa hauhautanga ki ngā mea pērā i ngā tapanga ahumoni, ngā tohu haumaru hoki e nui ana te āhua.

Kāore e hiahiatia ngā whakaputa anō, kāore hoki te wā kua tāponia: Ngā penapena whakahaere ki ngā punaha torehuruhuru

E ai ki tētahi whai whakaaro hou i te tau 2023 mō te angitu o te whakaputa, he iti ake i te 63% ngā raru whakatika kāore i te mōhio ki te kapi inu whakakaha i ngā rātane i ngā pūnaha latex e whakahaere ana i te wā pō mō te rā. Ko te take? Ko ngā upoko tuwhera e whakamau ana me ngā wā whakaputanga tere e tāwhai ana i ngā upoko kia kore e paru i ngā wā e whakaputa ana i ngā wā e 500 ngā tapanga anō anō ia tā. Ā, kei te kitea hoki e ngā kaihanga me tētahi atu mea: he 22% ngā whare e whakapai ana i te wā kia tōtika noa mai ā, he pērā hoki te kaha o ngā inu ki te pā ki ngā mata paraihe me ngā taputapu huinga. Kāore he tārore ki te whakapai i ngā mea i muri i te tuhinga, arā, ka taea e ngā kaimahi te neke atu ki te tāpoi e whai muri ana kaua ko te wāmate i te wā.

Te ake ake o ngā inu whakakaha eco: Te tōtika i te utu me te aronga ki ngā tikanga taiao

Ko te whakapakoko hou o ngā inki kaiwhakangungu eco e whakarato ana i te whakapono kotahi ki ngā inki kaiwhakangungu tūmatanui engari he iti ake i te 91% o ngā whakaputanga VOC hauā, e ai ki te Komihana Haumātanga Mātātaku a-tau tāwhito. Ko te mea e whakapāwhara ana i ēnei inki ko te mea ka mahi tika rātou ki ngā tikanga e wātea ana e Uropi rāua ko Amerika ki te whakarauora i ngā ture kounga hau. Ko te wāhanga pai rawa? Kāore he hiahia ki te whakawhitinga moni nui ki te hoko i ngā taputapu hou. Mō ngā kaihanga e rapu ana kia noho tātai, he iti ake i te 35% te utu ina huri kē ki ēnei kōwhiringa eco tēnā i te huri katoa ki ngā punaha UV. Ko tāna, ka taea e ngā kamupene te noho tonu ki te whai i ngā painga o te inki kaiwhakangungu teitei ina tapa tātou i ngā tapa nui mō ngā whakamahinga ahuwhenua.

Te Āhuatanga Taiao me te Haumātanga: Te Arataki i ngā VOCs me ngā Tikanga

Ko ngā rāngai inu tāone hiahi te whakahaere i ngā kohinga takotoranga takotoranga (VOCs) kia rite ki ngā tānaratanga taiao me te haumāmātanga wāhi mahi o te ao. Ko ēnei karawhita e whakaputua ana i te wā o te inu tāwhai, e hiahi ana i ngā whakahaerenga hanga hei whakamaru i ngā kaimahi me te whakaiti i ngā whakaputanga.

Whakahaere VOC Emissions and Ventilation in Solvent Ink Printing Facilities

Ko ngā whare wātea i tēnei wā ka whakamahi i te toru tikanga matua hei whakahaere i ngā kaiwhakapai, ngā huinga hau. Ko te tuatahi ko te punaha loop kauta kei reira ka whakamahia anō ngā kaiwhakapai kaua ko te whakapai koretake. Kei muri mai ko ngā tāone totohu pēhi e whakapunenga ai i ngā kaiwhakapai. A, ko te tuawhā, ko ngā kaiwhakarea a kauta e haere mai ana i te 650 F e pakaru ai i ngā VOC. E ai ki ngā rangahau i tāpiritia ki te puka Journal of Surface Technology i te tau e pā ana, ina katoa ngā tikanga e mahi tahi ana ka iti ake te huinga hau i te 80% i ngā wā katoa. Kei te nuinga hoki te rere o te hau. Ko ngā tāura haumaru mai i OSHA me ACGIH e kii ana me whai kaha te rere o te hau o ngā kaimahi i te 100 aniani ia meneti ki te haumaru. Ko te tikanga tātou e mōhio ana ko te neke o te hau ko te 0.5 mita ia hēkona.

Te whai i ngā tāura o te taiao o Amerika ki te Tonga me te EU me te haumaru o te wāhi mahi

Kei te whakaritea e OSHA te rohe o ngā 500 wāhanga i te mīro (ppm) mō ngā kaimahi e noho ana ki ngā torehuruhuru pērā i te ethyl acetate i te wā whakahaere noa o te 8 haora i te United States. Ka hui ake pea ngā tikanga ki Ūropi kei reira i whakaputua e te EU ngā tikanga whakarewa ake truwhai te Tuaronga 2004/42/CE. Me whakapumautia e ngā kamupene i reira te āhua pai o te wehe ake ake i ō rātou hua i te wai, me te pānga pea ki ngā koiora wai. Ā, kaua ko ngā tikanga, ko ngā whakarerekē hou ki REACH kia mārama ai ka tīmata ngā whakaputanga whakaprint i te tau e 10 tōnne atu rānei o ngā torehuruhuru takotoranga taketake me whakahokia ina te tauwaru tekau mā rima ō rātou torehuruhuru. Ko ēnei tātai e whakaatu ana i te mōhio kaha ake ki te whakamarumaru i te taiao me te haumaru kaimahi ki ngā tāone whakaputa.

Pātai Whai Ake (FAQ)

He aha te torehuruhuru inki?

Ko te inki torehuruhuru he momo inki e whakamahia ana i te inki irirangi e huinga ai ngā kaitirotiro me ngā torehuruhuru takotoranga hei waihanga i ngā whakaprint kaha ki runga i ngā mata kāore he poro pērā i te vinil, te pāpaku, me te paraihe.

He aha te rerekētanga ake o te tinta kaiwhakangawha ki te tinta noa?

Ko te tinta kaiwhakangawha e tū ana ki roto i te matāpuna e whakamahia ana, e waihangatia ana he hononga e iti ake ai te mōrahi ki te whakamātau me te kōtuku tērā i ngā tinta pāpaku e noho ana i te mata.

He aha ngā pānga ki te taiao mai i te whakamahi i te tinta kaiwhakangawha?

Ko ngā tinta kaiwhakangawha e whakaputangia ai ngā kohinga takotoranga taketake (VOCs), e hiahiatia ai te whakahaere tūturu kia tūtohu ki ngā tātai taiao me te haumāmātanga wāhi mahi.

Ka taea e te tinta kaiwhakangawha te whakamahi i ngā matāpuna kua rerehua?

Ko te tinta kaiwhakangawha kua whakauruhia mō ngā matāpuna kāore he rerehua. E hono ana ki ngā rerehua iti o te mata kia kaha ake te hono, e kore ai e tōtika mō ngā matāpuna rerehua.

He tino utu tāpiri te tinta kaiwhakangawha mō ngā whakauru whakaputanga nui?

Āe, ko te tinta kaiwhakangawha e whai utu iti ake ana i ia mita tapawhā mō ngā whakauru whakaputanga nui, ā, he iti noa ngā wā e whakaputagaina ana, me te whakāpōpoto i te wā whakatika.