Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i te tinta gravure e hāngai ana mō ngā matapae rerekē?

Te Mātauranga i ngā Īnanga Matapae me tōna Pānga ki te Mahi a te Tinta Gravure

Te Rōlolo o te Momo Matapae ki te Pānga me te Manawaroa o te Tinta Gravure

Ko te huarahi e mahi ai te tinta gravure he nui te pa ki te momo matēriau ka tapaia. Ina ko ngā mea poro rānei pērā i te pepa noa, ka whai wāhi te tinta ki te mata ki te take o ngā takotoranga iti ka tōia atu ia trūwhana, ā, ka hangaia he pā ki te ara hinematua. E rerekē ana te āhuatanga ina mahi ana ki ngā mata kāore e poro ana pērā i ngā mātāpihi paraihe. I konei, me piri te tinta kimihana, arā ko ngā molekiule polimer me piri ki te taupānga ki te taumata molekiule. Ā, ko te tapa ki te paparua hoki e whai wāhi ana ki ana whakapae ake. Me tino hangaia ngā tinta mō ēnei matēriau kia taea ai te kīnaki me te roa i ngā mahi ā-mohini e whai muri ana, kia kaua e pakaru, e poporeka rānei i te totohe mai i te kīnaki, te hanganga, i ngā mahi rānei e whai muri ana.

Ngā Matēriau Tōaitanga Kōrero mō te Tapa Gravure: Pepa, Mātāpihi Paraihe, me ngā Paparua

• Kākano : Me ngā tinta maroke maroke kia kaua e rere (35–45 dyne/cm te nergi mata)
• BOPP/PET Films : Me whakamahi ngā inika huinga-kohu (kaha mata o te pūpahi ≥ 38 dyne/cm i muri i te whakaritenga)
• Ngā Pariraumiti : Whakamahia ngā inika motuhake e taea ai te pumau ki te 160°C

Kaha Mata me te Ngaohi: Te Āhua o te Pānga ki te Whakapakanga me te Hono Inka

Ko ngā matēriari e iti ake ana te kaha mata i te 36 dyne/cm, pērā i te polietilene noa e kore nei e whakaritea, ka wehe i ngā inika gravure noa. Ko te ngaohi o tētahi matēriari e whakatau ana i te pōtatahi e pakaru ai te inka ki roto. Hei tauira, ka taea e te pepa tuhinga te whangai i waenganui i te 12 ki te 18 grama per mitarau tapawhā inka, ā, ko ngā papatua papatua kua paopaoia e tino tangohia ana anake i te 4 ki te 6 grama per mitarau tapawhā. Ka pai te whakapakanga inka ina heke ake te parirau mata o te inka mai i te 2 ki te 5 millinewton per mita i te kaha mata o te papatua. E taea ai tēnei rerekētanga te hononga pai kia kaua he nuinga o te inka.

Wero: Kāore te Inka e hoki atu pai ana ki ngā papa e iti ana te kaha mata, pērā i PE me PP

Ko ngā pene puiao kore-polyolefin (28–31 dyne/cm) e hua ana i te 60% neke atu rānei o ngā herenga pakari i roto i te tuhinga tuarangi. Ko te whakaritenga corona e piki ake ai te nergi mata o PP ki te 40–44 dyne/cm, ka pai ake te here whenua kimiko pea ki te 300%. Ko te whakaritenga ahi he kōwhiringa pakari, e pupuri ana i te nergi mata ki runga ake i te 38 dyne/cm mō te 8–12 wiki i raro i ngā tikanga whakaputanga noa.

Ngā Tūmanako Matua mō te Whakauru Inka Tuarangi ki ngā Huinga Matatoko

Te here, te tere maroke, me te maroke: Ngā tūmataiti matua

Ko te whiwhi i ngā hua pai mai i te mātai kōpae e hāngai ana ki te tika o ngā āhuatanga tioata. Mā te here, me ētahi atu matapae e hiahiatia ana ētahi atu takotoranga. Ko ngā pepa poro he pai ake mā ngā tioata e taea ai te pātata mai i te mahi kapihara, engari ko ngā paparorohiko paraihe he paki tēnei anō. Me ngā rēhuna takotoranga motuhake e hono ana kimihana ki te mata. He mea nui hoki te wā horapa. Ka horapa te pepa i roto i te tērā taha, arā ka hiahiatia ngā tuarangi e roa ana te wā ki te wehe. Tino rerekē ngā peita metara me tētahi mea e piri maroke ana i te wā poto rawa atu. A ka tūhono ki te āhua pakari. Mō ngā matapae kākati pērā i ngā paparorohiko PE, me kākati hoki te tioata tahi tātou kia kaua e pakaru. E kitea ana e te nuinga o ngā tohunga ngā tioata e taea ai te 3% nekeneke i mua i te kitea i ngā arawhata ina pēra te āhua o te matapae.

Te whakahaere tioata ki te whakauru matapae me te pumau mātātoko

Ko tēnei whakarāranga e aukati ana i ngā ngoikera pērā i te wehe haere o ngā pepa kōpae, i te pupuhi haonga ranei ki ngā kiri taratara. Mō ngā pouaka hātepe, me mātai i te 120–140°C i roto i ngā tūnel hiahia kia kaua ai e tāwhaiwaru ngā inka.

Ngā herekore e hiahiatia ana: te āukati i te mākū, te āukati i te parurenga, me te roa o te tuhinga

Mō ngā whakamahinga tūmatanui, me pumau te mahi. Me āki ai ngā inka karuwha kia iti iho i te 500 ngota mō ngā kaitirotiro Sutherland e rite ana ki ngā paerewa ASTM D5264. Anō hoki, kāore me kitea he nuinga ake i te 10% ngota i muri i te toronga atu i te 1,000 ngota i roto i te whakamātau Taber. E pā ana ki te pūmau o te UV, me pupuri tonu ngā tae engari i muri i te noho i raro i ngā rama mō te 500 haora. Me noho i raro i te 2.0 te uara Delta E, arā ko te tikanga kāore ngā tae e neke tētahi taurangi mai i ō rātou āhua taketake—he mea nui tēnei mō ngā hua e whakamahia ana ki waho. Ko te whakapakanga kai he wāhi anō hoki. Me noho tonu ngā inka i muri i te whakamātautau mā te whakapipiri i te 121 niinii Celsius me te 15 psi pihiatia mō te hawhe haora. Anō hoki, me whai katoa i ngā ture e tohu ana i te FDA 21 CFR Wāhanga 175.300 e pā ana ki ngā matapae e whakapā ana ki te kai.

Te Whiriwhiringa Rēhina me ngā Pīhikete mō te Tino Whakakotahi Ink-Substrate

Ko te tauārai tāpiripiri e hiahiatia ana mō te tuhinga whakapūmau tika i waenganui i te āhua matū o te tāminga me te āhua matū o te papamuri. Ko te kōwhiringa i ngā rēhinā tino pai, i ngā pīkete hoki hei whakapapa kaha, hei whakaputa tātaritanga, me te roa o te ora.

Ngā momo rēhinā mō ngā papamuri tikangia: PET, OPP, me ngā kiri kaupeka

Ko ngā rēhinā pōliūtānei te nuinga o ngā rēhinā e mōhiotia ana mō te pōlietia (PET) me te pōlipurōparaina ārautia (OPP) nā te pānga ki te manawa āhuarangi me te maroke. Kua whakaatu ngā kōparapara acrylate kua rerekētia i te 98% o te kaha herehere i muri i te whakawhitinga wera ki ngā rāpaki kaupeka. Kei te whanuitia tonu te whakamahi i ngā rēhinā nitrocellulose mō ngā kōpae metara heoi anō ko te maroke haere me te taumata maeneene te mea matua.

Ngā aronga pīkete mō ngā tāminga wai-tuhinga mō ngā pepa kaupeka

I ngā punaha huinga-ā-wai, ko ngā pārtihikara pigihe i raro i te 5¼m hei whakauru mōhio ki ngā miro pepa kia kaua e pakaru. Ko te whakapīroiro nui ana me ngā karu zirconium oxide e āki ai te 95% o te kounga tukatuka, e āwhina ana i te tae pūmau i runga i ngā haerenga tere marino, ā, kaitekau pea te whakamahi inka 15–20% i te nuinga o ngā tikanga.

Te hanga o te carbon mangu me tana pā ki te urunga inka me te kaha o te tae

Ko ngā carbon mangu hāngai-te-hanganga (rahi huinga: 200–300nm) e hoatu ana i te kaukau arotau pai ake, e wātea ai i ngā uara L* kei raro i te 1.5 i ngā tauira taumira mangu. Ko tana ahua puawaitanga e whakapai ake ana i te tuku inka mai i ngā sel gravure, i te wa e iti ana te urunga hoki—he mea matua nui mō te whakaahua makona pakuarata ki ngā pepa takotoria.

Inka Gravure Huinga-Ā-Wai vs. Inka Huinga-Ā-Tōpara: Te Tiro Whaihua ki te Tatai

Ngā Huarā o ngā Inka Huinga-Ā-Wai mō ngā Tatai Pepa me ngā Papa Kātene

Kua noho hei kōwhiringa mātua ngā inika pāpāru mā te wai mō te tuhinga ki ngā taputapu pepa me te karatapeta nā rātou anō ngā hua aronga ki te taiao me te mahi pai. Kei te 60 ki te 70 ōrau te wai kei roto i ēnei inika, ka pakari ai ngā whakaputanga o ngā takotoranga organik e taea ana te waro ki te 85 ōrau mō ngā kōwhiringa paraihe ohorere. Ko te haumāuru iti i waenganui i te 50 ki te 150 mīniwhekepākira hokiria e awhi ana i ngā mātā porowhiti o ngā hua pepa, ā, ka hua he tae tūpono ki runga i ngā mata tuhinga, ā, ka maroke huarahi ki ngā wera i waenganui i te 80 ki te 100 niu ia kelvine. He take nui anō ko te kore-āhua o ēnei inika, ā, ka whai tikanga ki ngā paerewa a FDA me ngā ture a te Rūnanganui o Eropi mō te whanaunga tīrara ki ngā kai, nā reira ko te kōwhiringa pai mō ngā tono pūtea i reira ko te haumātanga kai te take matua mō ngā kaihanga.

He aha ngā Inika Paraihe Ohorere e Māia Ana ki ngā Kiri Plastik Kāore nei i te Porowhiti

Ka tino pai te piri o ngā waituhi hiriwa i runga i ngā whakarewa ki ngā rauemi pēnei i ngā kiriata polypropylene (PP) me te polyethylene (PE) ina whakamahia he ranunga motuhake o ngā raima me ngā whakarewa. I te wā e whakamahia ana, ka wahia te mata o ēnei kiriata e ngā kaiwhakarewa noa pēnei i te acetate ethyl, i te toluene rānei. I te wa e maroke ana ēnei wairewa i roto i te 10 ki te 30 hēkona i te pāmahana i waenganui i te 60 ki te 80 nekehanga Celsius, ka waiho e rātau he wāhi punga iti hei āwhina i te hononga o te waituhi. Ko tēnei tikanga katoa e mahi ana ki te mea e kiia ana ko te pūngao mata iti, e huri noa ana i te 28 ki te 31 dynes ia henimita. He aha te hua? Ko ngā tau kaha o te peel e neke atu ana i te 2.5 Newtons ia 15 milimita. Mō te hunga e mahi ana ki ngā mata PET whakarewa, e pupuri ana ēnei kōwhiringa e hāngai ana ki te waikura i taua mutunga kanapa, ā, e aukati ana i te waikura kia rere, kia horahia rānei ki ngā wāhi kāore e tika ana.

Ngā Taapiri Whakarei i te Mahi o te Tinihi Wai

E toru ngā kāwai tāpiritanga e whakapai ake ana i te mahi o te waituhi wai:

1. Ngā matū o te mata (0.51.5%) : Kaheke te piko o te mata iho mai i te 72 mN/m ki te 35–40 mN/m, ka pai ake te whakapau ki runga i ngā kiri PE/PP
2. Ngā kōhatu (ngā paraka o te karaihe xanthan) : Whakarerekē i te tahumaero ki te 80–300 mPa·s hei whakahaere i te takotoranga tinta ki runga i ngā paparua kua whakaputangia
3. Ngā kore-para (paraire mātātoko/silicone/polyglycol) : Kia kore ai ngā para iti e hangaia ana i te wā o te taupeka tere (300–500 m/min)

Ko ngā huringa hou ko ngā taupā atamira nano-silica e hiki ai te pānga herekau ki te 40% ki runga i ngā papanga kua paopaoa

Te aronga: Ko te Tūhuratanga Pakihi Kaupapa Pari e Arataki ana i te Whakauru Ki te Tinta Kaitiaki Taiao

Kei te tipu te maakete pakipaki kaitiaki taiao ki te 7.2% CAGR tae noa ki te 2030, ā, kua whakamahia kē ngā tinta pāpaku-mōhinu ki te 38% o ngā whakamahinga gravure. Kei te tono ake ngā tohu matua i ngā tinta e iirihia ana i ngā waahanga >95% e mimiti ana me ngā taupā <5% e iirihia ana i ngā APEO. E ai ki tētahi rangahau 2023 nā te Rōpū FlexTech, ko ngā punaha UV-pāpaku mōhinu e iti ai te whakamahi uara umanga 30% ake i te wa e mau tonu ana te kaha ki te PET whakamahia anō

Te whakapai ake i te here o te tinta trūwha ngā whakaritenga mata me ngā whakapai kemikara

Ngā Rongoā Corona me te Plasma: Whakaeke i te Energi Mata whakapakari ai i te Hono Tinta

Ko te energi mata he wāhi nui ki te āhua e pā ana te tinta, āhuareka ki ngā paraihe iti energi pīroiroi pērā i te polyethylene (PE) me te polypropylene (PP). Mō te rongoā corona, ko te mea eātia he whakauru i te hiko kikii ki runga i te matā, e hanga ana i tētahi taiao rich in ozone e huri ana i te kimihana mata. Ka taea e tēnei tikanga te whakaeke i ngā ine takotoranga o te mata mai i te 30 ki te 45 dynes per centimita, ā, e hāngai ana ki ngā tikanga. Kātahi ka tū a plasma treatment, i reira ka wātea tētahi hau mā roto i ngā marautanga hiko e hanga ana i ngā ion e huri ana anō i ngā molekiula tuumomo. Ko te mahi o tēnei he whakamāmautia ai ngā mata kia wetuia, nā reira ka tino pai ake ngā putanga mō ngā kaituhi ka pā te tinta tika, ānō apiti ki ēnei matā kino poro e whakamahia ana ā-nuinga i ngā umanga tapanga i ēnei rā.

Ngā Kaitō hei Āwhina i te Hono mō ngā Paraihe Polyethylene me Polypropylene

Ko ngā paraihe kimihana e whakatika ana i ngā wero here whenua ki te PE me te PP. Ko ngā kaiāwhina hōhonu hōua e hanga ana i ngā hononga kōwiriwhiti i waenganui i te papanga me te tinta, ka piki ake te mātai here whenua 30–40%. Mō ngā whakamahinga haumaru kai, ko ngā paraihe horapa-ua he kōwhiringa e noho tūmatanui ai, ina hoki e toro ana ki te kounga o te here.

Te Whakakotahi i te Whakaritenga Papanga me ngā Tāpiritanga Angamahi mō ngā Tā Tūmatanui

Ko ngā ara anuanu ko ngā hua pai rawa: ko ngā pereira parahi aluminium i whakaritea mā te plasma, i tāia hoki mā ngā tinta gravure e āki ana i te kaha o te ra, i mau ai te 95% o te kaha tae i muri i te 500 haora o te whakapāwarutanga whānui. Ko te whakauru i ngā kaiāwhina arorau (0.5–1.5%) e heke iho ai te tauine o te weka umanga 40%, ka tiaki i ngā tā i te weka i te wā o te kawenga me te whakamahinga.

FAQ: Ngā Pātai Auau Pātai

He aha ngā take e pa ana ki te here whenua o te tinta gravure me te roa o te ora?

Ko te here whenua o te tinta gravure me te roa o te ora e pa ana ki te momo papanga, te kaha papanga, te porowhita, te whakamahi i ngā tinta tika, me ngā whakaritenga papanga pērā i ngā whakaritenga corona, plasma rānei.

He aha ngā papanga noa ka whakamahia i te takotoranga gravure?

Ko ngā papanga noa ko te pepa, ngā kiri BOPP/PET, me ngā paruhi aluminium, e kauwhia ana ki ngā here motuhake mō te hanga inka kia kaha te here me te mahi pai.

He aha te take e nui ana te nergi mata i te takotoranga gravure?

Ka pa te nergi mata ki te āhua o te inka e pā ana ki te papanga. Ko ngā papanga nui te nergi mata he pai ake te here inka i ngā papanga iti ake te nergi mata.

Me pēhea e rerekē ai ngā inka pātaihi mai i ngā inka huinga wai?

He pai ake ngā inka pātaihi mō ngā papanga kore-poro pērā i ngā kiri plastik nā te kaha o te here me te maroke tere. He pai ake ngā inka huinga wai mō ngā papanga poro pērā i te pepa nā ō rātou huanga taiao.

He aha te tūwāhanga o ngā taputapu ki te mahi o ngā inka huinga wai?

Ko ngā taputapu pērā i ngā kaiwhakarahi, ngā kaiwhakapakari uira, me ngā kaiwhakamaroke piko e whakapai ake ai i te mahi o ngā inka huinga wai mā te whakapai ake i te pānga, te uira, me te aukati i ngā piko.